Angelfish


At SaltwaterReefCo, we love helping our clients create thriving aquatic environments, and few freshwater fish bring as much elegance and beauty to a tank as the Angelfish (Pterophyllum species). These iconic cichlids are a favorite among aquarists, known for their distinctive triangular shape, graceful fins, and captivating personalities.

While generally considered moderate to easy to care for, Angelfish do have specific needs to ensure they flourish. Here's what you need to know about keeping these majestic creatures:

 

Tank Requirements

Angelfish are surprisingly tall fish! While their body might be around 6 inches long, their flowing fins can make them up to 8-13 inches in height. This means they require a tall aquarium rather than just a long one.

  • Minimum Tank Size: A single Angelfish needs at least a 20-gallon tank.
  • For a Group: If you plan to keep a small group (4 or more) of Angelfish, a 55-gallon tank or larger is recommended to provide ample swimming space and help diffuse any territorial behavior, especially during breeding.
  • Height is Key: Always prioritize tank height over length for Angelfish.
  • Substrate & Decor: They appreciate a finer substrate like sand or smooth gravel. Incorporate plenty of tall, broad-leafed live plants (like Amazon Swords or Anacharis) and vertical driftwood or rock structures. These provide hiding places and mimic their natural habitat. Ensure all decor is smooth to prevent damage to their delicate fins.
  • Filtration: A good filtration system is essential for maintaining water quality. Angelfish prefer slow to moderate water flow, so choose a filter that provides gentle circulation.

 

Water Parameters

Angelfish are freshwater tropical fish and thrive in stable, clean water conditions.

  • Temperature: Maintain a consistent water temperature between 75-84°F (24-29°C). Sudden fluctuations can cause stress.
  • pH: A slightly acidic to neutral pH range of 6.0 to 8.0 is generally acceptable for captive-bred Angelfish. Wild-caught specimens may prefer softer, more acidic water.
  • Hardness (dH/KH): Aim for a general hardness (GH) of 50-150 ppm and a carbonate hardness (KH) of 3-8 dKH.
  • Ammonia & Nitrite: Always 0 ppm.
  • Nitrate: Keep nitrates below 20 ppm through regular water changes.
  • Water Changes: Regular partial water changes (10-25% weekly or every other week) are crucial for maintaining pristine water quality and preventing the buildup of harmful toxins.

 

Diet and Feeding

Angelfish are omnivores and benefit from a varied diet to ensure optimal health and vibrant coloration.

  • Staple Diet: High-quality flakes or pellets formulated for tropical fish should form the basis of their diet. Pellets are often preferred as they sink slowly, ideal for mid-level swimmers.
  • Variety is Key: Supplement their diet with protein-rich foods like frozen or live brine shrimp, bloodworms, and mysis shrimp. Blanched vegetables such as spinach, lettuce, or peas can also be offered.
  • Feeding Frequency: Feed small amounts 2-3 times a day, only what they can consume within 2-3 minutes. Overfeeding can lead to water quality issues and health problems for your fish. Juvenile Angelfish may require 3-4 smaller feedings daily.

 

Tank Mates

Choosing appropriate tank mates is vital for the peaceful coexistence of your Angelfish. While generally considered "semi-aggressive," especially during breeding, they can be housed in community tanks with the right companions.

  • Good Tank Mates: Peaceful, similarly sized fish that are not fin-nippers are ideal. Good options include:
    • Corydoras Catfish
    • Black Skirt Tetras (adults)
    • Adult Cardinal Tetras
    • Bristlenose Plecos
    • Dwarf Gouramis
  • Avoid:
    • Small Fish: Tiny fish like Neon Tetras (especially juveniles) or Dwarf Shrimp may be seen as food.
    • Fin Nippers: Avoid fish known for nipping fins (e.g., Tiger Barbs, unless introduced as juveniles with juvenile angels and carefully monitored).
    • Very Aggressive Fish: Do not house them with highly aggressive cichlids or other fish that could stress or harm them.

 

Common Health Concerns

Maintaining optimal water quality and a balanced diet is the best defense against disease. However, Angelfish can be susceptible to common freshwater ailments:

  • Ich (White Spot Disease): A parasitic infection causing small white spots on the body and fins.
  • Fin Rot: Often caused by poor water quality, leading to frayed and deteriorating fins.
  • Hole-in-the-Head Disease (Hexamita): A parasitic infection that can cause lesions and pitting on the head and lateral line.
  • Fungus: Appears as cotton-like growths on the body or fins, often a secondary infection.

 

Prevention is key! Always quarantine new fish for 4-6 weeks, maintain pristine water conditions, and provide a nutritious diet. If you notice any signs of illness, prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial.

At SaltwaterReefCo, we understand the unique needs of Angelfish and offer specialized aquarium maintenance services to ensure their health and beauty. From water testing and cleaning to diet recommendations and disease prevention, we're here to support your passion for these stunning aquatic jewels.

Ready to give your Angelfish the best care possible? Contact us today for a consultation!